An overview of the vine mealybug planococcus ficus in south. Pseudococcidae, was investigated under laboratory conditions. Virgin females were mated at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after emergence and reproductive and life table parameters were estimated. It was originally isolated from a ficus plant, hence its name.
This document is pdmgv314, one of a series of the plant pathology department, florida cooperative extension service, institute of food and agricultural sciences, university of florida. University of california, postharvest technology center, focusing on the postharvest handling of horticultural crops, improving quality and food safety, and reducing losses. Carbon dioxide co2 is one of the primary factors driving climate change impacts on plants, pests, and natural enemies. Microbial associates of the vine mealybug planococcus. Comparative development and reproduction of p lanococcus ficus. Until the mid 1980s mealybugs in vineyards were often identified as planococcus vitis niedielski, whereas the name p. Vine mealybug, mediterranean vine mealybug, grapevine mealybug geographical distribution. Provinces of south africa and more recently in the. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser. The present study reports the effects of different atmospheric co2 concentrations on the vine mealybug planococcus ficus signoret and its parasitoid wasp leptomastix dactylopii howard. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. Planococcus ficus, the vine mealybug, is the dominant mealybug pest of grapes in south africa. Planococcine mealybugs of economic importance from the.
It was introduced to the americas during the second half of the 20th century. Identification of planococcus ficus and planococcus citri hemiptera. An overview of the vine mealybug plan ococcus ficus in. Potential of local entomopathogenic nematodes for control of. Experiments were conducted to test a mating disruption program for the mealybug planococcus ficus signoret hemiptera. Pdf identification of planococcus ficus and planococcus. The vine mealybug planococcus ficus signoret is a key pest in most of grape. Biology and management of mealybugs in vineyards online pdf. The nymphs and adult females damage hosts by sucking out plant sap, by excreting honeydew on which sooty mould can grow and by causing distorted growth and premature leaf senescence with their toxic saliva 7 8.
Effects of delayed mating on the reproductive biology of the. It is associated with citrus, but it attacks a wide range of crop plants, ornamental plants, and wild flora. Abstract the vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret hemiptera. Sapfeeding insects harbor diverse microbial endosymbionts that play important roles in host ecology and evolution, including contributing to host pest status. Malan department of conservation ecology and entomology, stellenbosch university, private bag xl, matieland 7602, south africa submitted for publication. Find support for a specific problem on the support section of our website. A survey for natural enemies of planococcus ficus was conducted in fars province, iran. If the femur is without translucent pores, it can be distinguished from p.
Male vine mealybug identification sheet these photographs are of male vine mealybug planococcus ficus as they appear on a sticky trap. Pseudococcidae, is a phloem feeder that uses its mouthpart to suck out plant fluids mckenzie 1967. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs. Current status of the vine mealybug, planococcus ficus, in california a report from the division of plant health and pest prevention services march 25, 2003 abstract the vine mealybug, planococcus ficus, is an exotic pest first found in the coachella valley, riverside county in 1994. The vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret hemiptera. Planococcus ficus mealybug ficus quar 1 poliaspis media cycad poliaspis scale cycad nurs 3 prosapia bicincta spittlebug. Insecta, hemimetabola, hemiptera, sternorrhyncha, coccomorpha, coccoidea, pseudococcidae. Aug 01, 2006 experiments were conducted to test a mating disruption program for the mealybug planococcus ficus signoret hemiptera. Vine mealybug is polyphagous with a wide range of host plants. Ultralow oxygen treatment for control of planococcus ficus. Use of a stereo microscope with 30x magnification will greatly aid in identification. The citrus mealybug a shorttailed mealybug is a softbodied pseudococcid. The number of males captured in pheromone traps, the p.
Planococcus minor is a significant pest of more than 250 host plants in the afrotropical, australasian, nearctic, neotropical, and oriental regions williams 1985, bendov 1994, usda 2000, cab 2003. Effects of delayed mating on the reproductive biology of. Valid names results planococcus ficus signoret, 1875 pseudococcidae. Pdf a survey for natural enemies of planococcus ficus was conducted in fars province, iran. The effect of increasing mating delay on the reproductive performance and population growth rates of the vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret hemiptera. However, attack by planococcus citri results in shriveling of the tubers, making them become light and unpalatable. Deinococcus ficus strain ccfr210 t is a recently discovered grampositive bacteria which plays a role in the production of nitrogen fertilizer. Distributor for products for forest insect pests in canada and us except colorado. Pseudococcidae, is a pest in grape vine growing areas worldwide. We investigated the lifehistory parameters of both species on grapevine vitis. The sprayable, microencapsulated formulation of the racemic sex pheromone lavandulyl senecioate was applied with an airblast sprayer, using three and four applications in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Dispersal behavior of vine mealybug planococcus ficus in. Introduction planococcus citri commonly known as citrus mealybug is a polyphagus species known from all zoogeographical regions 1. These photographs are of male vine mealybug planococcus ficus as they appear on a sticky trap.
Racemic lavandulyl senecioate was as attractive to male mealybugs as the insectproduced senantiomer, indicating that the unnatural enantiomer is not inhibitory. Yam is an important staple cash crop, which constitutes 53% of total root and tuber consumption in west africa. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer, from where it. Adults emerge through an irregular exit hole that they chew in the posterior end of the mummified host mealybug figure 1 avidov et al. Pseudococcidae, a major pest of in vine yards walton and pringle 2004, is now found in most.
Development and optimization of methods for using sex. This species is commonly found throughout south africa, the mediterranean and mexico. Frankly these species are difficult to distinguish, but p. Planococcus ficus is an invasive mealybug pest of vineyards in argentina. Vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret, is a key pest in vineyards in the western cape and northwest.
It has been reported on over 200 hostplant species belonging to 191 genera and 82 families, and can seriously damage many crops, particularly citrus and glasshouse tomatoes. It has been introduced to the rest of the world, including europe, the americas, and oceania, as an agricultural pest. Pdf vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret, is a key pest in vineyards in the western cape and northwest provinces of south africa and more. Insecta, hemimetabola, hemiptera, sternorrhyncha, coccomorpha, coccoidea, pseudococcidae common name. Planococcus ficus, biological control, taxonomy, vernacular names, morphometrics, life cycle, hosts, geographical distribution, population dynamics, integrated pest management vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret, is a key pest in vineyards in the western cape and northwest provinces of south africa and more recently in the usa. An planococcus ficus in nahilalakip ha genus nga planococcus, ngan familia nga pseudococcidae. Vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret hemiptera. Planococcus ficus invasive species list and scorecards. This mealybug pest had a previously known geographic distribution. This article is from journal of insect science, volume. Pheromonebased mating disruption of planococcus ficus hemiptera.
Control of vine mealybug planococcus ficus in wine grapes. Controlled atmosphere treatments with ultralow oxygen ulo treatments were developed successfully for control of vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret hemiptera. Vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret, is a key pest in vineyards in the western cape and northwest provinces of south africa and more recently in the usa. Anagyrussystem anagyrus pseudococci anagyrus pseudococci is a wellknown parasitoid of planococcus spp. Cocco, arturo muscas, enrico mura, alessandra iodice, andrea savino, francesco and lentini, andrea 2018. Since then, the pest has spread to an additional 12 counties. The sex pheromone of the vine mealybug planococcus ficus signoret has been identified as a single component, lavandulyl senecioate. Pdf natural enemies of planococcus ficus hemiptera. Microbial associates of the vine mealybug planococcus ficus. Potential of local entomopathogenic nematodes for control. Aug 19, 2014 sapfeeding insects harbor diverse microbial endosymbionts that play important roles in host ecology and evolution, including contributing to host pest status. Planococcus ficus can mate all year long, but most of its mating occurs during the. Determining the geographic origin of invasive populations.
It is a species that it is anagyus used against the vine mealybug daane et al. The vine mealybug, planococcus ficus, is predominantly found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. However, a better portrayal of mealybug size and appearance in the eld is provided by the infested grape leaf b that has more than 1,000 pl. Espesye sa insekto nga una nga gihulagway ni victor antoine signoret ni adtong 1875 ang planococcus ficus.
Determining the geographic origin of invasive populations of the. It is a cheap source of carbohydrate in the diets of millions of people worldwide and in tropical west africa. Pseudococcidae in vineyards using reservoir pheromone dispensers. Seven primary, two primarysecondary, three secondary parasitoid species, two coccinellids, primary parasitoids, and four predator species were associated with p. Planococcus citri is a highly polyphagous, adaptable mealybug that can feed on many host plants in a variety of conditions, and can reproduce rapidly. An planococcus ficus in uska species han insecta nga syahan ginhulagway ni victor antoine signoret hadton 1875.
Determining the geographic origin of invasive populations of. Pdf vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret hemiptera. Pagka karon wala pay siak nga nalista ubos niini niya. Pheromonebased mating disruption of planococcus ficus. Survival of vine mealybug, planococcus ficus signoret. Planococcus ficus differs by usually having pores on the hind femur. Vine mealybug planococcus ficus european grapevine moth lobesia botrana asian longhorned beetle anoplophora glabripennis citrus longhorned beetle anoplophora chinensis olive psyllid euphyllura olivina olive fruit fly bactrocera oleae diamondback moth plutella xylostella southern green stink bug nezara viridula tarnished plant bug lygus lineolaris. Previous studies have shown that virus transmission is abolished when mealybugs are raised in the laboratory on.
Planococcus ficus mealybug ficus quar 1 poliaspis media cycad poliaspis scale cycad nurs 3 prosapia bicincta spittlebug cut flowers quar 1 protopulvinaria pyriformis pyriform scale bay leaves nurs 5 nursery plant pseudaulacaspis pentagona white peach scale. Ultralow oxygen treatment for control of planococcus ficus hemiptera. Influence of mating disruption on the reproductive biology of the vine mealybug, planococcus ficus hemiptera. The sprayable, microencapsulated formulation of the racemic sex pheromone lavandulyl senecioate was applied with an airblast sprayer, using three and four applications in 2003 and. Determining the most likely source of an invasive pest species might help to improve their management by establishing efficient quarantine measures and heading the search of efficient biological control agents. Planococcus ficus invasive species list and scorecards for. Vine mealybug, planococcus ficus sawis information centre. Oct 15, 2014 mating disruption of planococcus ficus hemiptera. Planococcus halli usually lacks multilocular pores behind the front coxa and p. Until the early 1980s the pest was frequently misidentified as the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri risso. Insecticidal activity of plant essential oils against the. Planococcus ficus from north america likely originated from the middle eastern group as one haplotype from israel haplotype 35 is most closely related to those from california and mexico haplotype 36 being separated by only one substitution. Planococcus citri, commonly known as the citrus mealybug, is a species of mealybugs native to asia.
Lavandulol, which also was found in extracts from virgin females, antagonized attraction. Comparative development and reproduction of planococcus ficus and planococcus citri hemiptera. Nov 19, 2019 indagini bioecologiche su planococcus ficus sign. Walton vm1, daane km, bentley wj, millar jg, larsen te, malakarkuenen r. It belongs to the class insecta, order hemiptera, family pseudococcidae, genus planococcus and species citri 2. The vine mealybug, planococcus ficus, is a serious pest of grapevines, vectoring a number of pathogenic grape viruses. The vine mealybug, planococcus ficus, is an exotic pest first found in the coachella valley. An planococcus citri in nahilalakip ha genus nga planococcus, ngan familia nga pseudococcidae. It was introduced to the americas during the second. Vine mealybug planococcus ficus european grapevine moth lobesia botrana asian longhorned beetle anoplophora glabripennis citrus longhorned beetle anoplophora chinensis olive psyllid euphyllura olivina olive fruit fly bactrocera oleae diamondback moth plutella xylostella southern green stink bug nezara viridula. An planococcus citri in uska species han insecta nga syahan ginhulagway ni antoine risso hadton 18. Ang planococcus ficus sakop sa kahenera nga planococcus sa kabanay nga pseudococcidae. Planococcus ficus is an invasive mealybug pest of vineyards in argentina, california, mexico, peru and south africa. To provide an alternative for chemical control, entomopathogenic nematodes epns were investigated as a biological control agent to be used in an integrated pest management system.
Vine mealybug, mediterranean vine mealybug, grapevine mealybug. An overview of the vine mealybug plan ococcus ficus in south african vineyards and the use of entomopathogenic nematodes as potential biocontrol agent p. Bollettino del laboratorio di entomologia agraria filippo silvestri. Assessment of the performance of some new insecticides for.
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